M
- Macro Trends
- Major trends in customer behavior or demographics that play a critical role in shaping the market conditions and customer demand
- Market Opportunity
- An attractive set of potential customers or arena of competition in which a company chooses to sell its products or services
- Market Positioning
- From the customer point-of-view, expresses the customer's perception of the place a product or brand occupies in a market segment, usually in terms of price, service and quality relative to other products or brands
A company's marketing message must be tightly linked to its market positioning - Market Share
- The percentage of the market that a product or company has relative to the total market size
A company with $10 million in revenue in a $100 million market has 10% market share ($10 million/$100 million) - Maturity
- The date at which a debt payment becomes due and payable to the holder of the debt
- Merger
- An agreement between two or more companies to combine their operations into one operating entity
N
- NDA
- Non-Disclosure Agreement; see Confidentiality Agreement
- Negligence
- An act or omission that falls below the standard of care of a reasonable person in the same situation
N (continued)
- Net Income
- The total earnings (found at the bottom of the Profit and Loss statement or Income Statement)
Net Income reflects revenues, less direct costs, less indirect costs, less non-cash costs such as depreciation and amortization, less interest, taxes and other expenses
Net Income is the same as Net Profit - Net Present Value
- Usually known by the abbreviation NPV, this principle is based upon the Time Value of Money and calculated using the Discounted Cash Flow method.
- Net Profit
- See Net Income
- Net Worth
- The difference between Assets and Liabilities; a key Balance Sheet entry that shows the net value of the business
- Network Effect
- The market effect when one customer draws in other customers via word of mouth because the value to that initial customer is higher if others also join the network
- New Entrants
- Competitors that are new to competing in a given market; if there are a lot of new entrants and the costs to enter an industry and start-up a company are low, that will generally lead to more competition and less profits
- Nonexempt Employee
- An hourly employee that is protected by labor laws that mandate the payment of overtime; as opposed to Exempt Employees
- Nonprofit Corporation
- A legal entity that is established for the strict purposes as set forth by the IRS and in their corporate charter with strict controls over any type of disbursements due to its nonprofit status; typically used for charities and religious organizations, although churches are better suited not be put themselves under the jurisdiction of the State